In this chapter, I present, analyse, and discuss the data gathered through two questionnaires referred to previously. I follow the order and headings of categories and subcategories used in the long questionnaire. I begin with the short questionnaire (the macro-analysis). I then refer to the same issues in the corresponding overarching questions in the long questionnaire because they are identical.
The democratic audit’s category about citizenship, law, and rights consists of four (…)
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Jordan: A Decmocratic Audit
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In this chapter, I continue the presentation and discussion of the data of the democratic audit. This chapter deals with the third major category: civil society and popular participation. It asks questions in three areas: the media in a democratic society; political participation; and decentralization. As in the previous chapter, the overarching question is stated; the marks are given; and the results are discussed.
3.1: The Media
The overarching question (Q11S, Q72L) asks: ‘Do the media (…) -
In this chapter, I present, analyse, and discuss the data pertaining to the second category in the democratic audit: representative and accountable government. It has six subcategories: free and fair elections; democratic role of political parties; government effectiveness and accountability; democratic effectiveness of parliament; civilian control of the military and police; and integrity in public life. The latter refers to corruption. As in the previous chapter, the overarching question (…)
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On 8 November 2019, Jordan marked the thirtieth anniversary of what was hoped to be a transformation of the country’s political system into a democratic one. The initial stage was promising and produced an assertive House of Deputies (HoD). Thirty years later, the governments in Jordan are still formed and dismissed at the discretion of the king. The basic freedoms of speech, assembly and other, are still restricted. People can be punished for exercising them.
King Hussein declared in (…) -
In the conclusions of the original democratic audit, I offered several possible explanations as to why democracy did not take root in Jordan. Did anything happen since then to make me reconsider my previous assessment in this regard? The brief answer is ‘no’. The Syrian crisis made it easier for the Jordanian government to justify its cautious approach to change the way the country is governed, and giving priority to security.
The conflict in Syria has receded considerably. The closed (…) -
Updated Appraisal: 2011-2019
In the following pages, I shall re-ask the fifteen overarching questions, and restate the marks given by the twenty four assessors and six experts. I shall then give my assessment of the extent of change during 2011-2019.
1. Citizenship, Law and Rights
1.1. Nationhood and Citizenship
Q1S: Is there public agreement on a common citizenship without discrimination?
Marks: 1; 2; 2; 2; 3; 3; 3; 3; 4; 4; 4; 5; 5; 5; 5; 5; 6; 6; 6; 8; 8; 9; 10; 10; (Mean: 5). (…) -
In this concluding chapter, I examine why democracy has failed to take root in Jordan to date. I will outline several reasons often cited to explain the failure, and scrutinize the plausibility and limitations of each. I will then identify the reason that I consider the most plausible.
Characterizing the Change in Jordan
The democratic audit presented and discussed in previous chapters had established that Jordan was not a democratic sate. Therefore, there remains one point to discuss: (…) -
Preface Introduction Jordan: History and Political System Assessment: 1989-2010
1. Citizenship, Law and Rights 1.1: Nationhood and Citizenship 1.2: Rule of Law and Access to Justice 1.3: Civil and Political Rights 1.4: Economic and Social Rights 2. Representative and Accountable Government 2.1 Free and Fair Elections 2.2 Democratic Role of Political Parties 2.3 Effective and Responsive Government 2.4 Democratic Effectiveness of Parliament 2.5 Civilian Control of (…) -
Reluctant Liberalisation: A Democratic Audit of Jordan, 1989-2019
Adli Hawwari
2020
First published in the United Kingdom 2019 by Ud al-Nad Ltd
Copyright © Adli Hawwari, 2020
All rights reserved
Printed in the United Kingdom
Adli Hawwari has asserted his right under the Copy, Design and Patents Act 1988 to be identified as the author of this work.
ISBN: 978-1-911431-05-3 -
This part of the long questionnaire consists of three subcategories: the media in a democratic society (3.1); political participation (3.2); decentralization (3.3).
3.1: Media in a Democratic Society
This subcategory has six questions. The highest mean, 4.5, belongs to question 3.1.5: ‘How free are private citizens from intrusion and harassment by the media?’ The marks given by the six assessors are 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, and 7.
This is one assessment which I am unable to agree with. The (…)